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The Best PDF Translation Services in 2026 (We Tried Them All)

Reglyph is our product, so we can't claim to be neutral. That's why every verdict here comes from the same set of files run through every tool, and every tool's result on every page is shown below as it came out.

Updated 7 min read
The short answer
  • Reglyph scored highest overall (4.5 / 5), with DeepL second (4 / 5). For scans, especially over photos, gradients and other complex backgrounds, when you need a laid-out PDF back: Reglyph.
  • For text-heavy digital PDFs where typography matters (indents, italics, bold): DeepL does it very well, though figures and tables occasionally go wrong.
  • To understand the content or ask follow-up questions: Gemini or ChatGPT. For a plain digital PDF, free Google Translate also works.

The whole comparison in one table

We scored every tool on five criteria. Reglyph scored 4.5 and came first, losing half a point on typography such as indents and bold. DeepL is close behind on 4, and typography is its strongest point. ChatGPT scored 3.5: good on old paper and tables, marked down on the photo background and on the paper's details. Doclingo and Reflo scored 3 each, with Doclingo translating tables more completely. Google Translate and Gemini scored 1.5, and Smallpdf 0.

Reads scansLaid-out outputComplex backgroundEquations & tablesTypographyScore
ReglyphBest overallYes: YesYes: PDFYes: Fully restoredYes: CompletePartly: Loses first-line indents and bold4.5 / 5
DeepLYes: YesYes: PDFPartly: Smudges on iconsPartly: A label covers a figure; one paper ran to two pagesYes: Indents, italics and bold kept4 / 5
ChatGPTYes: YesYes: A PDF, when askedPartly: Old paper restored, photo replaced with greyPartly: Tables complete, inline symbols turned into ?Partly: Tidy plain pages; apostrophes became ? and a heading went missing3.5 / 5
DoclingoYes: YesYes: PDFNo: Solid backing insteadPartly: Tables complete; one equation lost a termPartly: Indents kept, type size jumps3 / 5
RefloYes: YesYes: Laid-out pageNo: Solid backing insteadPartly: Often skips tablesPartly: Words split mid-word3 / 5
Google TranslateNo: RefusedYes: Digital onlyNo: RefusedNo: Equations broken, table flattenedPartly: Indents kept, type size uneven1.5 / 5
GeminiYes: YesNo: Text in the chatNo: Background and figures gonePartly: Clean equations, figures goneNo: No page1.5 / 5
SmallpdfNo: RefusedNo: Plain textNo: RefusedNo: Equation flattened to one lineNo: No page0 / 5

How we scored: 1 point for each criterion met, 0.5 for partly met, 0 for not met, refused, or text only.

The same page, from every tool

Below are the six test pages, each with every tool we ran on it. Tools that returned a page show that page; tools that didn't show what they gave us instead. Click any page to enlarge all the results together and compare the same spot.

Complex background: text printed over a photo

Annual report page, text printed straight onto an aerial photo (scan, EN → ZH)

Original
Reglyph(ours)
DeepL
ChatGPT
Doclingo
Reflo
Google Translate
Gemini
Smallpdf

Swipe to compare, tap to enlarge.

The hardest background, and the widest spread of results. We restored the photo. DeepL kept the photo but left smudges on the icons behind the statistics. Doclingo translated everything and kept the big numbers, but each line of text over the photo sits on a grey band. ChatGPT and Reflo laid a solid backing under the translation, so most of the sea is hidden and some English is left uncovered. Gemini answered in the chat, without the photo. Google Translate and Smallpdf refused the scan.

Colored panels: title bars and tabs on white

Dietary guidelines page, green title bars and dark-blue tabs on white (scan, EN → ES)

Original
Reglyph(ours)
DeepL
ChatGPT
Doclingo
Reflo
Google Translate
Gemini
Smallpdf

Swipe to compare, tap to enlarge.

On a white page with colored panels, everyone did well. ChatGPT's page is the tidiest, but it dropped a word and flattened the title-bar gradient. DeepL and we tied. Doclingo was a little better than us: its titles and tab label didn't wrap, though its type size jumps between lines. Reflo put a pale backing under the titles and left the footer in English. Google Translate and Smallpdf refused the scan; Gemini answered in the chat and put two items under the wrong heading.

An 1871 book: yellowed paper and an engraving

Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, 1871 edition, page 9: yellowed paper and an engraving (scan, FR → EN)

Original
Reglyph(ours)
DeepL
ChatGPT
Doclingo
Reflo
Google Translate
Gemini
Smallpdf

Swipe to compare, tap to enlarge.

DeepL has the best detail on the old book, keeping first-line indents and italics. DeepL, ChatGPT and we all kept the grain of the paper, though ChatGPT set its text in only the left part of the column. Doclingo kept the indents too, but each line sits on a beige band. Reflo set its English on a flat beige backing, so the paper texture doesn't come through. Gemini replaced the engraving with a line of text. Google Translate and Smallpdf refused the scan.

A financial table and bar chart

U.S. Department of the Interior financial report, net-cost table and bar chart (scan, EN → JA)

Original
Reglyph(ours)
DeepL
ChatGPT
Doclingo
Reflo
Google Translate
Gemini
Smallpdf

Swipe to compare, tap to enlarge.

We, DeepL and Doclingo all translated the whole table; Doclingo misplaced a few $ signs. ChatGPT rebuilt the table neatly, but squeezed text together in one header and set the chart labels far below the bars. Reflo translated the heading and body text only, leaving the table and chart labels in English. Gemini laid out the whole table neatly in the chat and turned the bar chart into a list. Google Translate and Smallpdf refused the scan.

A dense two-column paper with equations

Gravitational-wave physics paper, page 3, densely set with equations and a figure (digital, EN → FR)

Original
Reglyph(ours)
DeepL
ChatGPT
Doclingo
Reflo
Google Translate
Gemini
Smallpdf

Swipe to compare, tap to enlarge.

A crowded paper. We fitted the whole page with the equations and figure intact, but lost the first-line indents. DeepL's running text is the most polished, but its translated label covers the main chart. Doclingo kept the indents but dropped part of the mass equation. ChatGPT kept the equation and figure, but apostrophes and inline symbols became question marks and a section heading went missing. Reflo split a few words mid-word. Google Translate broke the equations into fragments. Smallpdf and Gemini gave text only, with no figure.

A paper with diagrams and a parameter table

Mistral 7B paper, page 2, with diagrams and a parameter table (digital, EN → KO)

Original
Reglyph(ours)
DeepL
Doclingo
Reflo
Google Translate
Gemini
Smallpdf

Swipe to compare, tap to enlarge.

A paper with a parameter table. We and Reflo tied on layout. DeepL stretched one page into two and split the table. Doclingo kept one page and translated the table, but left the diagram labels in English. Google Translate flattened the table into a paragraph. Gemini and Smallpdf gave text only, without the diagrams, and Smallpdf flattened the table into one line.

Tools that return a laid-out PDF

Reglyph: the steadiest on scans and complex backgrounds

On every scan we tested, Reglyph restored the background behind the translation, and it translated tables, captions, headers and footers almost without exception. On the digital papers the equations and figures stayed intact, with no overlapping text. Our weak spots, plainly: paragraphs lose their first-line indents, and on one page of colored panels a Spanish tab label ran long and spilled out of its box.

Best for: scanned PDFs (including ones saved from a phone scanner app), pages with photos or colored backgrounds, and files where every table cell has to be translated. 5 free pages a day; upload one here.

DeepL: the strongest rival, careful with detail

DeepL came closest of everything we tested. It read every scan and kept the backgrounds, and it's more careful than we are with typography: first-line indents, italics and bold. Where it slips is figures and tables. The page with the busiest background has smudges on the icons, a translated label on a physics paper is set far too large and covers the main chart, and a one-page paper came back as two pages with its table split. We won 6–4. Full comparison

ChatGPT: good on old paper and tables, can't restore a photo background

Ask ChatGPT to keep the layout and it writes code on the spot and hands back a PDF. On the white page with colored panels the result is good, tidier than ours, though it dropped a word and flattened the title-bar gradient. It handled the 1871 book well too, with the paper grain intact, though the text sits in only the left part of the column. It rebuilt the financial table neatly and translated all of it, but set the chart labels far below the bars. Text printed over a photo is where it falls short: a grey patch hides most of the photo, a few bits of English aren't covered, and asking it to be more careful didn't noticeably change that. On the digital paper it fitted the page with the equation and figure intact, but every apostrophe and inline symbol became a question mark, and a section heading went missing. Full comparison

Doclingo: complete tables, a solid backing for backgrounds

Doclingo read every scan and translated nearly all of it, tables and footers included. All six pages came back as single pages, with first-line indents kept. For backgrounds it works like Reflo, laying a solid-color backing under the translation: invisible on a white page, visible as bands of color where text sits on a photo or old paper. Its most noticeable layout issue is type size jumping between lines within a paragraph, and on the physics paper one equation lost part of a term. On the page of colored panels it did a little better than us. We won 5–2. Full comparison

Reflo: reads scans, uses a solid backing for backgrounds

Reflo reads image-only scans and translates the body text. Its approach to backgrounds is to lay a solid-color backing under the translation, which it did on three of the four scans. On white or simple backgrounds that reads fine; if the text sits on a photo or old paper and you want the translation to keep the look of the original, it's not the best fit. On five of the six pages it also left tables, chart labels, captions, or headers and footers untranslated. On the digital papers it kept first-line indents, but split a few words across two lines. Full comparison

Google Translate: free, but digital files only

Google Translate doesn't run OCR, so it refuses scans outright. It does translate digital papers, keeping the columns and figures, but it broke the physics paper's equations into fragments and flattened a parameter table into a paragraph. For a quick, free read of a text-only digital PDF, it's enough. Full comparison

Tools that return text only

Gemini: translates the words, not the page

Gemini reads scans and papers, translates well, and renders equations in the chat more cleanly than Google Translate. It laid out the financial table neatly in the chat. But even when we asked it to keep the layout, it answered with text in the chat: photos, colored panels and figures are gone, the 1871 engraving became a line of text, and on one scan two items ended up under the wrong heading. Full comparison

Smallpdf: a handy PDF toolkit, not for scans

Smallpdf refused our scan. It translated a digital paper, but as plain text beside the original, without the columns, figures or equation layout. If you already use it to merge or compress PDFs and just want to read the content, it's convenient. Full comparison

How we tested

  • The test pages are public documents: four image-only scans (an annual report printed over a photo, an 1871 book, a financial table, a guide full of colored panels) and two digital research papers. Each page has a fixed target language.
  • Each tool ran all or part of the set. Where one page already showed the result, such as a tool refusing scans, we didn't repeat it.
  • We judged layout and completeness only: backgrounds, text left untranslated, words cut off or overlapping. We didn't score the wording of the translations.
  • This page covers only the tools we tested ourselves.

You're welcome to cite these results; please credit Reglyph and link to this page.

  • Test pages: USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, 2024 Annual Report (USGS Circular 1564); Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2025–2030, page 2; Jules Verne, Vingt mille lieues sous les mers (Hetzel, 1871), page 9, public domain; U.S. Department of the Interior, Agency Financial Report FY 2025, page 36.
  • B. P. Abbott et al. (LIGO/Virgo), Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger, Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 061102 (2016), arXiv:1602.03837, page 3; A. Q. Jiang et al., Mistral 7B, arXiv:2310.06825 (2023), page 2. Both used under CC BY 4.0; translations by the tools tested.

So which should you pick?

  • Scanned PDFs (including ones saved from a phone scanner app), especially pages with photos or colored backgrounds, when you need a PDF you can use as is: Reglyph.
  • Text-heavy digital PDFs where typography matters: DeepL.
  • Scans on white, flat colors or old paper, where you just want a translation that looks like the original: ChatGPT is worth a try, but check line by line for anything left out, and check the symbols in papers.
  • Scans with simple backgrounds where a close match to the original isn't critical: Doclingo or Reflo will do. Doclingo translates tables more completely; with Reflo, check that tables and captions weren't skipped.
  • To understand the content or ask follow-up questions: Gemini or ChatGPT. For a text-only digital PDF, free Google Translate works too.
  • The surest test is still a page of your own file.

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Frequently asked

Which PDF translator keeps the layout of a scanned PDF best?

In our side-by-side tests, Reglyph. It restored the background on every scan, including the page with text printed over a photo. On that page Doclingo, Reflo and ChatGPT replaced the background with solid color, hiding most of the photo, and DeepL kept the photo but left smudges.

What is the best free PDF translator?

For digital PDFs, Google Translate is free and needs no sign-up, but equations and tables often come out wrong. It refuses scans; for those, Reglyph gives you 5 free pages a day and returns a PDF with the layout kept.

Can ChatGPT or Gemini translate a PDF and keep the layout?

ChatGPT hands back a PDF when you ask it to keep the layout; plain pages, old paper and tables come out well, but on a page with text printed over a photo the background is replaced with grey. Gemini answers with text in the chat, without photos or figures.

Can DeepL translate a scanned PDF?

Yes. It read all four image-only scans we tested and kept their backgrounds; on the page with the busiest background, it left smudges on the icons.

Reglyph is your product. Is this comparison fair?

We can't be neutral, so we've tried to make the results checkable: every tool got the same files, every result on every page is shown in the post, and the pages where a rival did better are written up too. The source documents are public, so you can run them yourself.

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